MGM Home Entertainment

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Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Home Entertainment LLC
Trade name
MGM Home Entertainment
Formerly
  • MGM Home Video, Inc. (1978–1980)
  • MGM/CBS Home Video, Inc. (1980–1982)
  • MGM/UA Home Video, Inc. (1982–1998)
TypeDivision
IndustryHome video
Founded1978
Headquarters
Beverly Hills, California
,
US
Products
BrandsMGM DVD
OwnerMGM Holdings
(Amazon)
ParentMetro-Goldwyn-Mayer

Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Home Entertainment LLC[1] (d/b/a MGM Home Entertainment and formerly known as MGM Home Video, MGM/CBS Home Video and MGM/UA Home Video) is the home video division of the American media company Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

History[edit]

1978–1982[edit]

MGM/CBS Home Video
FormerlyMGM Home Video (1978-1980)
TypeDivision
IndustryHome video
Founded1978; 46 years ago (1978) (as MGM Home Video)
Defunct1982; 42 years ago (1982)
FateRenamed as MGM/UA Home Video
SuccessorMGM/UA Home Video

In 1978, the company was established as MGM Home Video, releasing MGM films and TV shows. In 1980, MGM joined forces with CBS Video Enterprises, the home video division of the CBS television network, and established MGM/CBS Home Video. In October of that year, they released their first batch of Betamax and VHS tapes.[2]

The initial printings of all 24 films were packaged in brown leather clamshell cases with gold lettering; they were presented to CBS executives. Later printings of these films, as well as all printings of later releases by MGM/CBS, were packaged in oversized gray book-style boxes with either the MGM Abstract Lion print logo or CBS Video print logo in the upper right hand corner of the packaging. MGM/CBS also issued some early tapes of Lorimar product; those releases would instead bear the Lorimar print logo where the MGM or CBS Video print logo would normally be.

In 1981, MGM/CBS and Samuel Goldwyn Home Entertainment co-marketed five titles, mainly independent titles, with CBS Video Enterprises having distribution of its titles.[3]

1982–1998[edit]

MGM/UA Home Video
Trade name
MGM/UA Home Entertainment Group, inc.
TypeDivision
IndustryHome video
PredecessorMGM/CBS Home Video
Founded1982; 42 years ago (1982)
Defunct1998; 26 years ago (1998)
FateRenamed as MGM Home Enterainment
SuccessorMGM Home Enterainment
Headquarters
Beverly Hills, California
,
US
ProductsVHS
DVD
ParentMetro-Goldwyn-Mayer
MGM/UA Family Entertainment
TypeLabel
IndustryHome video
Founded1994
Defunct2003
FateRenamed as MGM Kids and folded into MGM Home Entertainment
SuccessorMGM Kids
ProductsHome video releases
ParentMetro-Goldwyn-Mayer

In 1982, a year after MGM bought and merged with the near-bankrupt United Artists from Transamerica, CBS dropped out of the video partnership with MGM and moved to 20th Century Fox to create CBS/Fox Video. MGM's video division became known as MGM/UA Home Entertainment Group, Inc., more commonly known as MGM/UA Home Video. MGM/UA continued to license pre-1981 UA and pre-1950 WB films (as well as some post-1981 titles) to CBS/Fox (due to an agreement UA had with Fox years earlier dating back to when CBS/Fox Home Video was called Magnetic Video). In 1982, the company had entered into an agreement with The Cannon Group to release titles from the mini-major film studio all the way to 1985 in order to help out the strongest library slate, the deal was reupped on April 5, 1983, continuing until 1985.[4] In 1983, MGM/UA Home Entertainment Group paid $60,000,000 for 40-year rights and a 10-year option for all future films as well as its library, and having an option to move to non-feature film production.[5] In 1985, it entered into an agreement with Rene Malo Video to handle Canadian distribution of various MGM/UA product.[6]

In 1986, MGM's pre-May 1986 library (also including the pre-1950 Warner Bros. library, Bugs Bunny: Superstar, the Fleischer Studios/Famous Studios Popeye cartoons, and most US rights to the RKO Pictures library), was acquired by Ted Turner and his company Turner Entertainment Co. After the library was acquired, MGM/UA signed a deal with Turner to continue distributing the pre-May 1986 MGM and to begin distributing the pre-1950 Warner Bros. libraries for video release (the rest of the library went to Turner Home Entertainment).

That year, it inked an agreement with Roger Corman and his film studio Concorde Pictures that enabled MGM/UA worldwide access to motion pictures that was produced by his Concorde film studio for $30 million for foreign release of Concorde's upcoming titles, plus $40 million in cash paid by Corman for domestic home video and pay television agreement with the company, making it for the first time, the company made a partnership with a major studio, and Concorde first sold theatrical rights, in 1987, to various different companies.[7]

In October 1990, after Pathé bought MGM, MGM/UA Home Video struck a deal with Warner Home Video to have them distribute MGM/UA titles exclusively on home video.[8] MGM/UA began distributing the UA library after its contract with CBS/Fox ended. In 1994, MGM/UA Home Video launched the MGM/UA Family Entertainment label for family-friendly releases. In 1996, Warner made an exclusive deal with Image Entertainment to distribute MGM/UA titles on LaserDisc.[9] They also acquired a majority of the Cannon Films library (certain rights for other media and select films during the Thorn EMI merger now lie with other entities with few exceptions, and the post-1991 films, as they are owned by Warner Bros. as well as other Cannon titles distributed by that company, as well as television and digital rights are now owned by Paramount Media Networks under Paramount Television Studios (formerly CBS Television Distribution), successor to parent company Viacom's syndication unit.[10]) after Pathé acquired the company.

In 1997, MGM/UA, along with the other studios that were distributed by Warner Home Video, began releasing its titles on DVD. Some of the films MGM released on DVD were from the Turner catalog, which they were still allowed to keep after Turner merged into Time Warner some time before because of their distribution deal. That same year, MGM acquired Orion Pictures. As a result, Orion Home Video (Orion's home video division) was absorbed by MGM/UA, and was retained as an in-name-only division until the acquisition deal was finalized in 1998. That year, the company was renamed MGM Home Entertainment.

1998–2005[edit]

MGM Kids
TypeLabel
IndustryHome video
PredecessorMGM/UA Family Entertainment
Founded2003; 21 years ago (2003)
2009; 15 years ago (2009) (relaunch)
Defunct2008; 16 years ago (2008) (original)
FateFolded into MGM Home Entertainment
SuccessorMGM Home Entertainment
ProductsVHS
DVD

After the Orion merger, MGM kept Orion intact as a corporation, mostly to avoid its video distribution agreement with Warner Home Video, and began distributing Orion Pictures films under the Orion Home Video label. MGM acquired the 2/3 of pre-1996 PolyGram Filmed Entertainment library from Seagram in 1999 for $250 million, increasing their library holdings to 4,000. The PolyGram libraries (which included the Epic film library) were purchased by its Orion Pictures subsidiary so as to avoid its 1990 video distribution agreement with Warner.[11] In March 1999, MGM bought out its distribution contract with Warner Bros. for $225 million, effectively ending the distribution problem; the initial deal was to have expired in 2003, but instead it would end in February 2000. As a result of the deal, MGM gave up the home video rights to the MGM/UA films owned by Turner to Warner Home Video.[12] Upon the expiration of the Warner deal, MGM sold overseas video rights to 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.[13]

In 2001, MGM and Amazon.com launched the "MGM Movie Vault" to distribute VHS copies of selected films, either previously unreleased on video or long out-of-print, exclusively through Amazon.[14]

On March 3, 2003, MGM Home Entertainment launched the MGM Kids sub-label.[15]

In May 2003, MGM reinstated full distribution rights to their products in regions like Australia, France, Germany and the United Kingdom, although Fox would continue to distribute for MGM in a majority of developing regions.[16]

2005–2019[edit]

In 2005, following MGM's acquisition by the Sony-led consortium, MGM released its newest content through Sony Pictures Home Entertainment under the standard MGM label.

In 2006, after MGM ended its distribution agreement with Sony, the company announced that it would sign a new distribution deal with 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment. Originally, DVD releases of MGM/UA and Columbia TriStar co-releases continued to be distributed by SPHE, since Sony then still owned 20% of MGM, whereas Fox has no controlling interest; however, Fox has since released DVD editions of films based on MGM IPs.

In 2010, parent company Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer emerged from bankruptcy. As of 2011 until 2018, MGM no longer releases or markets its own movies. Instead, MGM shared distribution with other studios that handle all distribution and marketing for MGM's projects.[17] Since then, only a handful of MGM's most recent movies, such as Skyfall, Red Dawn,[18] Carrie,[19] RoboCop,[20] If I Stay,[21] Poltergeist (which Fox 2000 Pictures co-produced) and Spectre have all been released on DVD and Blu-ray by its home video output and 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment. Others, such as The Hobbit trilogy, Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters, G.I. Joe: Retaliation, Hercules, Hot Tub Time Machine 2, Tomb Raider, Creed and Creed II, 21 and 22 Jump Street, Ben-Hur, Sherlock Gnomes and The Magnificent Seven[22] have been released by the home video output of the co-distributor—in these cases, Warner Bros. Home Entertainment (which MGM's catalog is currently handled by), Paramount Home Entertainment and Sony Pictures Home Entertainment respectively.

In 2011, MGM launched the "MGM Limited Edition Collection", a manufactured-on-demand (MOD) DVD service that issues unreleased and out-of-print titles from the MGM-owned library.[23] Its releases are sold through the Warner Archive Collection.[24]

On April 14, 2011, Fox's deal distributing the MGM library was extended through 2016.[25] On June 27, 2016, Fox's distribution deal with MGM was renewed until June 30, 2020.[26]

2019–present[edit]

With the acquisition of Fox's parent company 21st Century Fox by Disney on March 20, 2019, MGM announced in their 2019 report that it would not renew its deal with Fox after the current agreement expired on June 30, 2020, and would search for a new distributor afterwards.[27] In the studio's 2020 financial report, MGM named Warner Bros. Home Entertainment as their new home media distributor.[28]

On May 26, 2021, it was officially announced that MGM will be acquired by Amazon for $8.45 billion, subject to regulatory approvals and other routine closing conditions; with the studio continuing to operate as a label under the new parent company, but leaving the future of the physical home video releases of its title other than its current distribution deal with Studio Distribution Services in question.[29] The merger was finalized on March 17, 2022.[30]

Catalog and distribution deals[edit]

Currently in the United States and Canada, MGM's catalog is distributed by Studio Distribution Services, LLC., a joint venture between Warner Bros. Home Entertainment and Universal Pictures Home Entertainment that was first announced on January 14, 2020, later revealing the name on April 23, 2021,[31][32] and marketed by Warner, with Warner also handling distribution internationally. Warner already owns and distributes MGM's pre-May 1986 library through their ownership of Turner Entertainment Co., but the former began a distribution deal with the latter for its remaining catalog titles and select UAR releases when the latter left 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment – a prior distribution deal that began in 2006 – on June 30, 2020, and Universal already began distributing some of UAR's other releases beginning with Operation Finale on December 4, 2018.[33] MGM also licenses out some of its film and television library to Kino Lorber, The Criterion Collection, and Shout! Factory.

Many of Orion Pictures' films since its revival have been released through various third-party companies. The remake of The Town That Dreaded Sundown was released by Image Entertainment.[34] However, 20th Century, then Warner Bros., and currently SDS, LLC. would handle home video distribution of Orion's movies released through UAR.

Current distribution deals[edit]

  • Studio Distribution Services, LLC. (2021–present; US and Canada only)

Past distribution deals[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ↑ "Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Home Entertainment LLC: Private Company Information". Bloomberg Business. Retrieved 3 August 2015.
  2. ↑ "(advertisement)". Billboard. 22 November 1980 – via Google Books.
  3. ↑ "Goldwyn Indie Video Label" (PDF). Billboard. 1981-06-06. p. 6. Retrieved 2022-01-07.
  4. ↑ "Cannon Hands Pics to MGM/UA for Domestic Homevid". Variety. 1983-04-06. p. 3.
  5. ↑ "Marketing Of Library Titles, Supply Bottlenecks Crucial To MGM/UA Home Ent.'s Plan". Variety. 1983-05-18. p. 33.
  6. ↑ "Rene Malo To Handle MGM/UA Pix in Canada". Variety. 1985-08-21. p. 41.
  7. ↑ "Concorde Inks With MGM/UA Homevid". Variety. 1986-10-29. p. 5.
  8. ↑ Robert Harris interview with George Feltenstein TheDigitalBits.com (October 28, 2004)
  9. ↑ "IMAGE ENTERTAINMENT ACQUIRES EXCLUSIVE RIGHTS TO PACKAGE OF MGM/UA TITLES FOR LASERDISC - Free Online Library". www.thefreelibrary.com. Retrieved 2016-09-09.
  10. ↑ "Viacom and Cannon Ink Cable Deal". Los Angeles Times. April 2, 1986. Retrieved November 15, 2017.
  11. ↑ Eller, Claudia (October 23, 1998). "MGM Agrees to Acquire PolyGram Movie Library". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March 29, 2015.
  12. ↑ "MGM REGAINS VIDEO RIGHTS; $225 MILLION DEAL TO HELP SELL DVDS. - Free Online Library". www.thefreelibrary.com. Retrieved 2016-09-09.
  13. ↑ "MGM and Fox Form International Distribution and Strategic Alliance. - Free Online Library". www.thefreelibrary.com. Retrieved 2016-09-14.
  14. ↑ "Amazon.com and MGM Home Entertainment Partner to Raise the Curtain On MGM's Legendary Film Vault. - Free Online Library". www.thefreelibrary.com. Retrieved 2016-10-16.
  15. ↑ "MGM Purrs with Kidvid Label". 10 July 2003.
  16. ↑ MGM Home Entertainment Reclaims Full Distribution Operations Bloomberg.
  17. ↑ Fritz, Ben (13 December 2011). "MGM film studio remade with a low-profile and a focused strategy". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 5 February 2015.
  18. ↑ White, Michael (16 May 2013). "MGM Studio Says Earnings Soar on Films 'Skyfall,' 'Hobbit'". Bloomberg Businessweek. Retrieved 5 February 2015.
  19. ↑ Dickson, Evan (3 December 2013). "The 'Carrie' Blu-ray Will Have A New Ending (Hopefully Better Than The Theatrical One)". Bloody Disgusting. Retrieved 5 February 2015.
  20. ↑ "Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios (MGM) and Twentieth Century Fox Home Entertainment present ROBOCOP, arriving on Digital HD May 20 and on Blu-ray, DVD and VOD June 3". 1 May 2014. Retrieved 5 February 2015.
  21. ↑ Palmer, Jason (2 February 2015). "Win If I Stay on DVD". Retrieved 5 February 2015.
  22. ↑ Block, Alan Ben (16 May 2013). "MGM Quarterly Results Best Expectations After 'Skyfall,' 'Hobbit'". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 5 February 2015.
  23. ↑ "MGM on MOD: The MGM Limited Edition Collection". Archived from the original on 19 March 2012. Retrieved 18 April 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  24. ↑ "MOD Movies for Intrepid Cineastes". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 26 December 2012.
  25. ↑ MGM Re-Ups DVD Deal With Fox Through 2016 Archived 2014-01-11 at the Wayback Machine., deadline.com
  26. ↑ MGM & 20th Century Fox Renew Home Entertainment Deal, deadline.com
  27. ↑ https://d20qidnmpnrwiu.cloudfront.net/cdn/ff/2EkRrs42qi5_owbYV38OTEhAVmft8wf4qe0Gy3rzkcU/1585084775/public/2020-03/YE%202019%20Financial%20Report.pdf Template:Bare URL PDF
  28. ↑ https://d20qidnmpnrwiu.cloudfront.net/cdn/ff/6JmGPNAv-9qNX5xAK5uYFF12m62glYVtdG_7rG6V9yg/1597354452/public/2020-08/Q2%202020%20Financial%20Report.pdf Template:Bare URL PDF
  29. ↑ Spangler, Todd (May 17, 2021). "Amazon Said to Make $9 Billion Offer for MGM". Variety. Retrieved May 17, 2021.
  30. ↑ Maas, Jennifer (2022-03-17). "Amazon Closes $8.5 Billion Acquisition of MGM". Variety. Retrieved 2022-03-17.
  31. ↑ D'Alessandro, Anthony (15 January 2020). "Universal & Warner Bros. Form Home Entertainment Joint Venture". Deadline. Retrieved 15 January 2020.
  32. ↑ Hunt, Bill (April 23, 2021). "BILL'S ON THE LATEST HOME THEATER UNITED PODCAST, PLUS AN APPLE DIGITAL PURCHASE LAWSUIT & WARNER AND UNIVERSAL COMBINE THEIR PHYSICAL MEDIA OPERATIONS". thedigitalbits.com. Retrieved May 6, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  33. ↑ "Operation Finale Blu-ray" – via www.blu-ray.com.
  34. ↑ Gingold, Michael (16 April 2015). "DVD/Blu-ray dates/info/covers: "SPRING," Artsploitation overseas horrors, "TOWN THAT DREADED SUNDOWN," etc". Fangoria. Retrieved 16 May 2015.
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